As a TMJ dentist, we are asked on a frequent basis what causes TMJ. In our experience, patients that are going through a stressful situation are more likely to experience the condition as are those that regularly eat things that are difficult to chew. In the case of high stress, people tend to clench their jaw and grind their teeth while sleeping. This puts enormous amounts of pressure on the temporomandibular joint, resulting in irritation or pain in the morning. In its most basic instances, this may cause a headache or sore jaw but as the condition worsens some people are not able to open their mouth in the morning. Since TMJ doesn’t happen overnight, there are clear warning signs so if you are aware of basic discomfort, we recommend visiting our office for early treatment.
Medical science has been unable to identify all of the causes of TMJ and, as a result, a study is ongoing titled OPPERA. The study was launched in 2006 by Dr. William Maixner and Dr. Gary Slade and has followed 2,737 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 44. In this study, they have followed up with participants to monitor how many have since experienced the condition. The results have found an average of four percent of participants start experiencing TMJ on an annual basis. This ranges from mild to severe cases, and they have found that those with mild TMJ don’t necessary go on to experience acute levels. As a TMJ dentist, we prefer to treat the condition immediately because we have seen how clearly it works in preventing escalation.
Researchers are still looking into what all of the causes of TMJ are and one interesting finding is that those with heightened somatic awareness are more likely to suffer from the condition. Somatic awareness is what scientist have labeled as an awareness of both internal and external factors. For example, those that are more aware of smells, hot, cold, wind, etc. may have a heightened somatic awareness. This also applies to people that are more aware of internal irritations like a stomach ache or joint pain, in general. Dr. Slade stated that it "is probably capturing some basic survival sensations.” As a TMJ dentist, this was intriguing to us because it provides some information that our patients can take action on. If, for example, you are more sensitive to environmental factors or find that a regular headache is more intense for you than a family member – you should visit us on the first onset of jaw pain. Since those with heightened somatic awareness appear to be more aware of everything, failing to treat TMJ early may result in unnecessary discomfort.
If you do have TMJ, we will treat it by making an impression of your mouth and having a removable oral appliance created in a dental lab. This device will surround both the upper and lower teeth, connecting them and preventing grinding and clenching at night. This provides relief from pressure that can in turn reduce or eliminate your symptoms.